ELIA (ee-LYE-uh)
Elia
Kazan: Greek-born American film and theater director and
producer
Pen
name of English essayist Charles Lamb
Common
clues: Director Kazan; “On the Waterfront” director
Kazan; “East of Eden” director Kazan; Essayist's
alias; Lamb's literary moniker; Lamb's pen name
Crossword
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Video:
The
Life, Works, and Impact of Elia Kazan
What a place to be
in is an old library! It seems as though all the souls of all the
writers that have bequeathed their labours to these Bodleians
were reposing here as in some dormitory, or middle state. I do
not want to handle, to profane the leaves, their winding-sheets.
I could as soon dislodge a shade. I seem to inhale learning,
walking amid their foliage; and the odor of their old
moth-scented coverings is fragrant as the first bloom of those
sciential apples which grew amid the happy orchard.-- Charles
Lamb
Charles
Lamb (10
February,1775- 27 July, 1834) was an English essayist, best known
for his Essays
of Elia and
for the children's book Tales
from Shakespeare,
which he produced along with his sister, Mary Lamb.
Charles
Lamb was the youngest child of John Lamb, a lawyer's clerk. He
was born in the Inner Temple and spent his youth there, later
going away to school at Christ's Hospital. There he formed a
friendship with Samuel Taylor Coleridge which would last for many
years. After leaving school in 1789, he went to work for the
South Sea House, whose subsequent downfall in a pyramid scheme
after Lamb left would be contrasted to the company's prosperity
in the first Elia essay. In 1792 he went to work for British East
India Company, the death of his father's employer having ruined
the family's fortunes. Charles and his sister Mary both suffered
periods of mental illness, and Charles spent six weeks in a
psychiatric hospital during 1795. He was, however, already making
his name as a poet.
In
1799, John Lamb died and Charles became guardian to Mary, whose
mental instability prevented her from looking after herself. Lamb
continued to work as a clerk for the East India Company and
doubled as a writer in various genres, his tragedy, John
Woodvil,
being published in 1802. His farce, Mr
H,
was performed at Drury Lane in 1807. In the same year, Tales
from Shakespeare (Charles
handled the tragedies and Mary the comedies) was published, and
became a best-seller for William Godwin's "Children's
Library".
Charles,
who had never married because of his family commitments, fell in
love with an actress, Fanny Kelly, of Covent Garden, but she
refused him and he remained until his death a bachelor. His
collected essays, under the title, Essays
of Elia,
were published in 1823 ("Elia" being the pen-name Lamb
used as a contributor to The
London Magazine).
A further collection was published ten years later, shortly
before Lamb's death. He died of an infection, erysipelas,
contracted from a cut on his face. His sister, who was ten years
his senior, survived him.
_________________________
Elia
Kazan (September
7, 1909 – September 28, 2003) was a Greek-born American
film and theatre director and producer.
He
was born Elia
Kazanjoglou in
Istanbul in 1909 to Greek parents. He became one of the most
visible members of the Hollywood elite. Kazan's theater credits
included directing The
Glass Menagerie (1944)
and A
Streetcar Named Desire, (1951)
the two plays that made Tennessee Williams a theatrical and
literary force and All
My Sons (1947)
and Death
of a Salesman (1949)
the plays which did much the same for Arthur Miller.
His
history as a film director is scarcely less noteworthy. He won
two Academy Awards for Best Director, for Gentleman's
Agreement (1947)
and On
the Waterfront (1954).
He elicited remarkable performances from actors such as Vivien
Leigh and Marlon Brando in the film version of A
Streetcar Named Desire, James
Dean in East
of Eden,
and Andy Griffith in A
Face In The Crowd.
His
later career was clouded, however, by the fact that he was one of
the few Hollywood luminaries who "named names" before
the House Un-American Activities Committee during the postwar
"Red Scare". Kazan had briefly been a member of the
Communist Party in his youth, when working as part of a radical
theatre troupe in the 1930s. A committed liberal, Kazan felt
betrayed by the atrocities of Stalin and the ideological rigidity
of the Stalinists. He was personally offended when Party
functionaries tried to intervene in the artistic decisions of his
theater group.
As
Kazan later explained, he felt that it was in the best interest
of the country and his own liberal beliefs to cooperate with
McCarthy's anti-communist efforts in order to counter Communists
in Hollywood who were co-opting the liberal agenda. American
playwrights Lillian Hellman and Arthur Miller publicly and
bitterly disagreed with Kazan's reasoning.
Elia
Kazan died of natural causes at his home in New York. He was 94.
This
article is licensed under the GNU
Free Documentation License.
It uses material from the Wikipedia
article "Elia Kazan" and
"Charles
Lamb".
ELIA
(569) 146
Tu >1 08 Director Kazan
41
We- >1 09 "On the Waterfront" director Kazan
37
Tu- >1 02 Lamb's pen name
18
We- >1 07 "East of Eden" director Kazan
14
Th- >1 00 "Essays of ___"
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Th- >1 06 Lamb's pseudonym
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Mo+ >1 00 Charles Lamb's pen name
10
>1 87 Charles Lamb
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We- >1 08 Essayist's alias
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Th- >1 03 Literary pen name SAKI
8
Tu+ >1 96 Lamb DEAR YEAN
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We- >1 99 Lamb's nom de plume
7
Fr >1 09 "A Chapter on Ears" essayist
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Tu- >1 05 Film director Kazan
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We+ >1 02 Lamb's alias
7
Th >1 00 London Magazine essayist
6
Tu >1 04 Charles Lamb's nom de plume
5
We- >1 01 Charles Lamb's pseudonym
5
Tu+ >1 08 Charles Lamb, pseudonymously
5
Th NYT 01 Literary pseudonym SAKI
4
Th- >1 97 "Dream Children" essayist
4
Th- >1 07 He directed Marlon
4
Th >1 08 Lamb pen name
3
Mo >1 08 "A Streetcar Named Desire" director Kazan
3
We+ >1 05 "Viva Zapata!" director Kazan
00
Author/director Kazan
3
>1 97 Charles Lamb pseudonym
3
Th WaP 05 Essay byline
3
Fr+ >1 07 He directed Marlon in "On the Waterfront"
3
Tu+ >1 99 Kazan
3
Fr- >1 99 Lamb by another name
3
Tu >1 97 Noted English letter writer
3
We+ >1 09 Oscar-winning director Kazan
08
Writer/director Kazan
2
We- >1 06 "A Dissertation Upon Roast Pig" essayist
2
Th NYT 04 "Last Essays of ___," 1833
2
Tu- >1 99 "London Magazine" essayist
2
Sa- >1 08 "Modern Gallantry" essayist
2
Th- NYT 88 "Roast Pig" dissertator
2
Tu >1 98 "The Last Tycoon" director Kazan
2
Th- LAT 99 A.k.a. Charles Lamb
2
Tu LAT 99 Aka Lamb
2
Th Rea 08 Director's first name
2
Tu >1 87 Essayist
2
>1 01 Essayist Lamb
2
Tu- >1 08 Queen of Mount Olympus
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